author(s)
Abdul Qadir Malik, Tajwar Sultana Syed, Hakim Ali Sahito, Naveed Ahmed Abbasi, Nasir Ali Jalbani, Sumbel Mureed Mastoi, Wali Muhammad Mangrio and Faheem Ahmed Jatoi

abstract
The larvae were collected from vegetable fields and reared on cauliflower leaves under laboratory conditions to check the mortality and sub-lethal effects of neem oil were comprised of different five concentrations and compared with control (distilled water) on surviving of Spodoptera litura on 4^th instar larvae at constant temperature of 26±2^oC and 50-60 RH%. Such doses, 2500, 2000, 1500, 1000 and 500 ppm were dissolved in one litter of water and each treatment was replicated three times. The maximum mortality was observed (50.00±5.77; at 2500 ppm)% and highest larval weight reduction (50.32±0.06; at 2000 ppm), pupal weight was highly reduced (30.43±0.93; at 2500 ppm) with the highest total life period (39.03±0.56; at 2500 ppm) thus, the lowest fertility percentage of female was recorded (56.56±1.74; at 2500 ppm) of S. litura. It was concluded that the neem oil was effective by their sub-lethal concentrations however, most preference can be given to which, caused highly sub-lethal effects on the biology of pest.