author(s)
Salema L Hasan, Khalid K Kadhim, Abdulkarim J Karim and Jenan M Khalaf

abstract
The present study seeks to investigate the effect of thiamethoxam on the histology and physiology of male mice reproductive system. This study was conducted at College of Veterinary Medicine-Baghdad, from August to December 2016. Fifty adult males Swiss Albino mice, aged two months, were divided into five equal groups. The first group was immunized with B. abortus antigen. The second group was given thiamethoxam orally. The third group was treated with the same treatments in group 1 and 2. Group 4 was injected with virulent B. abortus. Group 5 acted as negative controls. All animals were euthanized and blood samples were taken for hormonal analysis. Pieces of testes and epididymis were put in 10% normal buffer formalin for routine histopathological sectioning. Results showed that thiamethoxam significantly decreased the sperm viability, motility and testosterone levels. In conclusion, thiamethoxam has a toxic effect for spermatogenesis in mice. The use of thiamethoxam should be experienced to avoid any harm to human and livestock.