author(s)
Tayyaba Maqbool, Muhammad Ateeq, Muhammad Arif, Hameed Ur Rehman, Abdur Rehman, Nasir Iqbal, Saba Manzoor, Mamoona Umar, Saima Faiz, Asma Ambreen and Ikram Ullah

abstract
The present experiment was conducted to study the endocrine abnormalities and DNA damage in welders exposure to Cr and Fe on 60 individuals including control and affected. Blood sampling was conducted by categorizing the individuals into two age groups and also according to exposure period. DNA damage was measured by single gel electrophoresis. The assessment of selected endocrine hormonal parameters were determined by using Sysme model KX-21 automated haemotology analyzer, and biochemical parameters were determined by using Abbott Diagnostic. The present study results clearly showed that blood elevation of hexavalent chromium and iron significantly caused DNA damage and effected on endocrines.