author(s)
Akram Kamel Tallaf and Athmar K Abbas AL azawi

abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of Theileriosis in cattle in AL-Muthanna province - Iraq during the period from 1st November 2016 to 30th April 2017. The study was accomplished on 204 blood samples collected from 133 females and 71 males, from different regions in the province. A blood smears were perpetrated and stained utilizing Giemsa stain, and examined by microscopically. Then polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was conducted to accurate detection and determination species of Theileria. The results of microscopic examination revealed that 13.23% of blood samples were infected with Theileria spp. The most sensitive and accurate method utilized for the diagnosis of Theileriosis was PCR technique, DNA extraction was performed only on 100 blood samples, the extracted DNA from blood samples were analyzed using primers derived from TAMS1 gene. The result of PCR technique revealed that (33/100) blood samples were positive for Theileria annulata. Also phylogenetic analysis of Theileria annulata local isolates based on Tams1 gene, two local isolates (MIQ1, MIQ1) sent to Korea (Bioneer company) to analysis and compared with the NCBI-Genbank Theileria annulata isolates.