Pathology of Ganjam virus disease in small ruminants
Maneesh Jatav, Yamini Verma, Madhu Swamy and Amita Dubey
Ganjam virus disease is a tick-borne infection caused by Ganjam virus, a member of genus Nairovirus of family Bunyaviridae. Ganajm virus is widely prevalent in Asian countries including India. The virus mainly affects the exotic and crossbred sheep and goats causing high morbidity and mortality. The virus has public health significance, although it causes only a mild influenza like illness in human which usually disappears after three days. Clinical signs comprise anorexia, biphasic fever, conjunctivitis, serosanguineous nasal discharge and dried crust present around the nostrils. Grossly, petechial to ecchymotic hemorrhages are present on the serous and mucous membrane of various visceral organs. Microscopically, there is increase thickness of the wall of caecum and colon with streaks of congestion on the mucosal folds of rectum. Hence, it is advisable to adopt preventive measures such as dipping or spraying of the animal by acaricides and adopting the sanitary prophylaxis to help combating this infection.