author(s)
Vipin Khasa, Vipul Chaudhary and Pamela Singh

abstract
Mastitis is one of the leading pathological condition of udder of cattle and buffaloes, which leads to decrease in quality and quantity of milk. Various bacterial, fungal and viral agents affect udder containing milk, leading to contagious and environmental mastitis based on route of entry into udder and teat canal. Subclinical mastitis can be controlled without antibiotic whereas its use is warranted in clinical mastitis. Outcome of treatment depends on various factors like host immune response, type of causative agent and stage of detection of infection. Prolonged treatment may be required for bacteria like Staphylococcus, which may even leads to loss of quarter in severe cases and development of antibiotic resistance. Proper education of farmer regarding hygiene condition can help in reduction of incidence and hence keeping milk production to the optimum level.