author(s)
Chandrakar C, Shakya S, Patyal A, Pandey A, Bhonsle D and Tiwari SK

abstract
Now a days the antibiotics become an emerging pollutant for the aquatic ecosystems and presence of antibiotics in the any environmental compartment have a great concern because it can provoke the development of resistance in the bacterial community. In fluoroquinolone antibiotic group ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin antibiotics are used for the treatment of human and animal infection because of their wide antibacterial spectrum. The rampant and extralable use of these antibiotics could lead to contamination of environment. This study describes a simple salting-out liquid–liquid extraction technique for simultaneously detection of ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin residues in water samples. The high-performance liquid chromatographic photodiode array detection containing C18 X-bridge analytical column was used for the determination of these antibiotics in water samples. The developed method has linear range of 50-500ppb with the linearity coefficient of 0.99. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of the method for ciprofloxacin was 17.4 and 52.8 μg/L, respectively and for enrofloxacin was 15.9 and 48.3 μg/L, respectively. The recoveries for the studied antibiotics ranged from 64.5-81.4% with relative standard deviations between 5.1 and 8.6%. The method was applied for the analysis of antibiotic residues in 15 water samples samples collected from Durg, Chhattisgarh, India and 2 sample found contaminated with antibiotic residues. The method has advantages of simplicity, easy operation and consumption of low volume of the less hazardous organic solvent.