author(s)
Mohit Bharadwaj, BC Mondal and Manju Lata

abstract
Optimum animal production depends on the type of feedstuffs available for the whole year. Plant materials are usually rich in anti-nutritional factors/ phytochemical known as tannins and saponins. Tannins are generally classified into two groups: hydrolysable tannins (HT) and condensed tannins (CT). Tannins have both harmful and beneficial effects depending on their nature, concentration, animal species, animal health and feed composition. Tannin based forages have anti-bloat and anthelmintic characteristics which improve the quality of meat and milk products, fatty acids composition and ruminant antioxidant status (Blackmon et al., 2016) ^[9]. Tannin and energy only had interaction effect on the crude protein intake and had a tendency to reduce rumen gas production (Pobletea et al., 2020) ^[30]. Condensed tannins have positive impact on milk production and antioxidant status in lactating cows. (Dey and De. 2014).The saponins have showed potential to modulate rumen fermentation patterns and mitigate in vitro CH4 production (Goel et al. 2008). Use of saponins rich forages may have synergistic effect on the rumen fermentation pattern and improves DM intake on palatability, nutrient digestibility, rumen metabolites and carcass quality of male goat (Hundal et al. 2019) ^[29]. Tannins and saponins if used at correct concentration to alter rumen fermentation pattern and increased microbial protein synthesis which may be utilized for promoting animal production without any adverse effects.