This investigation was carried out in the downstream of Simen River, Dhemaji, Assam from September 2022 to August 2023. A total of 70 respondents from three sampling sites were interviewed, visited their residences and self-prepared questionnaires were compiled to evaluate the fisher’s socio-economic status. This investigation revealed that out of 70 respondents, all were literate fishers, 74.3% married, 82.9% males fishermen, 88.6% fishermen belonged to Hindu community, 60.0% temporary fisher folk, 28.6% fisher folk belonged to age group between 26-35 years, 58.6% of fisher folk working as farmer for other earning apart from fishing, 72.9% fisher folk had kaccha ghar, 64.3% fisher folk didn’t have good sanitation condition, 50.0% respondents caught up to 5 kg of fishes individually daily and 15.7% of fisher folk were flood affected. The ratio of male to female was 54.3: 45.7 and the average family size was 6.7 members. The full-time fishermen fished for 8 months. The 60.0% professional temporary fishermen generally fished 2-4 months per year. Flood, erosion, use of fertilizer and pesticides, over exploitation of river resources, lack of awareness, shortage of trained manpower etc. were the hazards of the river revealed during the study.