Maize is one of the most important crops for human and animal consumption. However, it faces enormous damage caused by insect pests reducing its production. This study was carried out in Korhogo (high maize production area) in order to contribute to the knowledge and control of maize insect pests. The experiments were carried out in three different plots contained in the same field matrix. The first plot (control) contained only maize. The other two plots were composed of an association of maize and groundnut. The difference between these last two plots was based on maize and groundnut plants arrangement (parallel system or alternated system). The collected insects were keep in the flasks containing ethanol (70%), convoyed to the laboratory and, identified under a binocular magnifier using an insect identification key. In total, 31 species of insects belonging to 6 orders and 20 families were identified. No significant differences were observed between the specific richness of insects in the three crop systems. Regarding the abundance of insects, 4663 specimens were collected during all the study of which 1303 specimens were pests. The highest average abundance of insect pests was recorded in the monoculture (238.67±17.23) and the lowest was recorded in the alternated polyculture (57.00±7.41). Our findings are very relevant because they make it possible to classify crop association among the innovative farming strategies that can boost crop production in a region where the small farmers are increasingly numerous.